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The constants below are defined by this extension, and will only be available when the extension has either been compiled into PHP or dynamically loaded at runtime.

The following constants indicate the type of error returned by json_last_error().

JSON_ERROR_NONE (integer)

No error has occurred. Available since PHP 5.3.0.

JSON_ERROR_DEPTH (integer)

The maximum stack depth has been exceeded. Available since PHP 5.3.0.

JSON_ERROR_STATE_MISMATCH (integer)

Occurs with underflow or with the modes mismatch. Available since PHP 5.3.0.

JSON_ERROR_CTRL_CHAR (integer)

Control character error, possibly incorrectly encoded. Available since PHP 5.3.0.

JSON_ERROR_SYNTAX (integer)

Syntax error. Available since PHP 5.3.0.

JSON_ERROR_UTF8 (integer)

Malformed UTF-8 characters, possibly incorrectly encoded. This constant is available as of PHP 5.3.3.

JSON_ERROR_RECURSION (integer)

The object or array passed to json_encode() include recursive references and cannot be encoded. If the JSON_PARTIAL_OUTPUT_ON_ERROR option was given, NULL will be encoded in the place of the recursive reference.

This constant is available as of PHP 5.5.0.

JSON_ERROR_INF_OR_NAN (integer)

The value passed to json_encode() includes either NAN or INF. If the JSON_PARTIAL_OUTPUT_ON_ERROR option was given, 0 will be encoded in the place of these special numbers.

This constant is available as of PHP 5.5.0.

JSON_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_TYPE (integer)

A value of an unsupported type was given to json_encode(), such as a resource. If the JSON_PARTIAL_OUTPUT_ON_ERROR option was given, NULL will be encoded in the place of the unsupported value.

This constant is available as of PHP 5.5.0.

The following constants can be combined to form options for json_encode().

JSON_HEX_TAG (integer): All < and > are converted to \u003C and \u003E. Available since PHP 5.3.0.
JSON_HEX_AMP (integer): All &s are converted to \u0026. Available since PHP 5.3.0.
JSON_HEX_APOS (integer): All ' are converted to \u0027. Available since PHP 5.3.0.
JSON_HEX_QUOT (integer): All " are converted to \u0022. Available since PHP 5.3.0.
JSON_FORCE_OBJECT (integer): Outputs an object rather than an array when a non-associative array is used. Especially useful when the recipient of the output is expecting an object and the array is empty. Available since PHP 5.3.0.
JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK (integer): Encodes numeric strings as numbers. Available since PHP 5.3.3.
JSON_BIGINT_AS_STRING (integer): Encodes large integers as their original string value. Available since PHP 5.4.0.
JSON_PRETTY_PRINT (integer): Use whitespace in returned data to format it. Available since PHP 5.4.0.
JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES (integer): Don't escape /. Available since PHP 5.4.0.
JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE (integer): Encode multibyte Unicode characters literally (default is to escape as \uXXXX). Available since PHP 5.4.0.
JSON_PARTIAL_OUTPUT_ON_ERROR (integer): Substitute some unencodable values instead of failing. Available since PHP 5.5.0.
JSON_PRESERVE_ZERO_FRACTION (integer): Ensures that float values are always encoded as a float value. Available since PHP 5.6.6.

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User Contributed Notes 7 notes

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majid4466 at gmail dot com ¶

7 years ago


To get a really clean json string use these three constants like so:

<?php
$array = ['€', 'http://example.com/some/cool/page', '337'];
$bad   = json_encode($array); 
$good  = json_encode($array,  JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE | JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES | JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK);

// $bad would be  ["\u20ac","http:\/\/example.com\/some\/cool\/page","337"]
// $good would be ["€","http://example.com/some/cool/page",337]
?>

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Yzmir Ramirez ¶

9 years ago


If you curious of the numeric values of the constants, as of JSON 1.2.1, the constants have the following values (not that you should use the numbers directly):

JSON_HEX_TAG => 1
JSON_HEX_AMP => 2
JSON_HEX_APOS => 4
JSON_HEX_QUOT => 8
JSON_FORCE_OBJECT => 16
JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK => 32
JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES => 64
JSON_PRETTY_PRINT => 128
JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE => 256

JSON_ERROR_DEPTH => 1
JSON_ERROR_STATE_MISMATCH => 2
JSON_ERROR_CTRL_CHAR => 3

JSON_ERROR_SYNTAX => 4

JSON_ERROR_UTF8 => 5
JSON_OBJECT_AS_ARRAY => 1

JSON_BIGINT_AS_STRING => 2

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ASchmidt at Anamera dot net ¶

5 years ago


In a multi-level array, JSON_FORCE_OBJECT will encode ALL nested numeric arrays as objects. 

If your concern was ONLY the first-level array (e.g., to make it suitable as a MySQL JSON column), you could just cast your first-level array to object, e.g.:

<?php
$json = json_encode( (object) $array, JSON_PRESERVE_ZERO_FRACTION+JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE );
?>

Or, if you have large arrays and are concerned about the overhead of object casting, you could append a "null" value beyond the size of the array, which will force the array to become associative:

<?php
$beyond = count( $array ) + 1;
if ( !array_key_exists( $beyond, $array) )
     $array[ $beyond ] = NULL;
$json = json_encode( $array, JSON_PRESERVE_ZERO_FRACTION+JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE );
?>

Of course, your later code has to treat an element with a "NULL" value the same as "!isset()", if it iterates the array.

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Anonymous ¶

5 years ago


flags JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK and JSON_PRESERVE_ZERO_FRACTION are broken in php 7+ — json_encode((float)8.8) returns "8.8000000000000007", and json_encode((float)8.8, JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK) and json_encode((float)8.8, JSON_PRESERVE_ZERO_FRACTION) return "8.8000000000000007" too.

the only way to fix this is setting "serialize_precision = -1" in php.ini

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JuanP ¶

8 years ago


Updated format values list:

    JSON_HEX_TAG => 1
    JSON_HEX_AMP => 2
    JSON_HEX_APOS => 4
    JSON_HEX_QUOT => 8
    JSON_FORCE_OBJECT => 16
    JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK => 32
    JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES => 64
    JSON_PRETTY_PRINT => 128
    JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE => 256
    JSON_PARTIAL_OUTPUT_ON_ERROR => 512
    JSON_PRESERVE_ZERO_FRACTION => 1024

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-26

on5wis at mac dot com ¶

9 years ago


since json_encode expects a UTF-8 string there is no need to encode the € symbol.

I suggest you try to echo : json_encode('€');
It gives: "\u20ac"
I'm running PHP 5.6.5 on the CLI, on MacOS X 10.10

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-56

Anonymous ¶

8 years ago


I am working with "Marathi Language Data" and I found that when I encoded Marathi data to json using json_encode it returned me unicode values of each character like below:

Program : 

<?php
$ar = array("word" => "धाडस");
echo json_encode($ar);
?>

Output of program is : 

{"word":"\u0927\u093e\u0921\u0938"}

This is not expected output because what I need is output as

{"word":"धाडस"}

So I used following code:

<?php
$ar = array("word" => "धाडस");
echo json_encode($ar, JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE);
?>

And I got the required output as :

{"word":"धाडस"}

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