New features

Constant expressions

It is now possible to provide a scalar expression involving numeric and string literals and/or constants in contexts where PHP previously expected a static value, such as constant and property declarations and default function arguments.

<?php
const ONE 1;
const 
TWO ONE 2;

class 
{
    const 
THREE TWO 1;
    const 
ONE_THIRD ONE self::THREE;
    const 
SENTENCE 'The value of THREE is '.self::THREE;

    public function 
f($a ONE self::THREE) {
        return 
$a;
    }
}

echo (new 
C)->f()."\n";
echo 
C::SENTENCE;
?>

Exemplul de mai sus va afișa:

4
The value of THREE is 3

It is also now possible to define a constant array using the const keyword:

<?php
const ARR = ['a''b'];

echo 
ARR[0];
?>

Exemplul de mai sus va afișa:

a

Variadic functions via ...

Variadic functions can now be implemented using the ... operator, instead of relying on func_get_args().

<?php
function f($req$opt null, ...$params) {
    
// $params is an array containing the remaining arguments.
    
printf('$req: %d; $opt: %d; number of params: %d'."\n",
           
$req$optcount($params));
}

f(1);
f(12);
f(123);
f(1234);
f(12345);
?>

Exemplul de mai sus va afișa:

$req: 1; $opt: 0; number of params: 0
$req: 1; $opt: 2; number of params: 0
$req: 1; $opt: 2; number of params: 1
$req: 1; $opt: 2; number of params: 2
$req: 1; $opt: 2; number of params: 3

Argument unpacking via ...

Arrays and Traversable objects can be unpacked into argument lists when calling functions by using the ... operator. This is also known as the splat operator in other languages, including Ruby.

<?php
function add($a$b$c) {
    return 
$a $b $c;
}

$operators = [23];
echo 
add(1, ...$operators);
?>

Exemplul de mai sus va afișa:

6

Exponentiation via **

A right associative ** operator has been added to support exponentiation, along with a **= shorthand assignment operator.

<?php
printf
("2 ** 3 ==      %d\n"** 3);
printf("2 ** 3 ** 2 == %d\n"** ** 2);

$a 2;
$a **= 3;
printf("a ==           %d\n"$a);
?>

Exemplul de mai sus va afișa:

2 ** 3 ==      8
2 ** 3 ** 2 == 512
a ==           8

use function and use const

The use operator has been extended to support importing functions and constants in addition to classes. This is achieved via the use function and use const constructs, respectively.

<?php
namespace Name\Space {
    const 
FOO 42;
    function 
f() { echo __FUNCTION__."\n"; }
}

namespace {
    use const 
Name\Space\FOO;
    use function 
Name\Space\f;

    echo 
FOO."\n";
    
f();
}
?>

Exemplul de mai sus va afișa:

42
Name\Space\f

phpdbg

PHP now includes an interactive debugger called phpdbg implemented as a SAPI module. For more information, please visit the phpdbg documentation.

Default character encoding

default_charset is now used as the default character set for the htmlentities(), html_entity_decode() and htmlspecialchars() functions. Note that if the (now deprecated) iconv and mbstring encoding settings are set, they will take precedence over default_charset for iconv and mbstring functions, respectively.

The default value for this setting is UTF-8.

php://input is reusable

php://input may now be reopened and read as many times as required. This work has also resulted in a major reduction in the amount of memory required to deal with POST data.

Large file uploads

Files larger than 2 gigabytes in size are now accepted.

GMP supports operator overloading

GMP objects now support operator overloading and casting to scalar types. This allows for more expressive code using GMP:

<?php
$a 
gmp_init(42);
$b gmp_init(17);

if (
version_compare(PHP_VERSION'5.6''<')) {
    echo 
gmp_intval(gmp_add($a$b)), PHP_EOL;
    echo 
gmp_intval(gmp_add($a17)), PHP_EOL;
    echo 
gmp_intval(gmp_add(42$b)), PHP_EOL;
} else {
    echo 
$a $bPHP_EOL;
    echo 
$a 17PHP_EOL;
    echo 
42 $bPHP_EOL;
}
?>

Exemplul de mai sus va afișa:

59
59
59

hash_equals() for timing attack safe string comparison

The hash_equals() function has been added to compare two strings in constant time. This should be used to mitigate timing attacks; for instance, when testing crypt() password hashes (assuming that you are unable to use password_hash() and password_verify(), which aren't susceptible to timing attacks).

<?php
$expected  
crypt('12345''$2a$07$usesomesillystringforsalt$');
$correct   crypt('12345''$2a$07$usesomesillystringforsalt$');
$incorrect crypt('1234',  '$2a$07$usesomesillystringforsalt$');

var_dump(hash_equals($expected$correct));
var_dump(hash_equals($expected$incorrect));
?>

Exemplul de mai sus va afișa:

bool(true)
bool(false)

__debugInfo()

The __debugInfo() magic method has been added to allow objects to change the properties and values that are shown when the object is output using var_dump().

<?php
class {
    private 
$prop;

    public function 
__construct($val) {
        
$this->prop $val;
    }

    public function 
__debugInfo() {
        return [
            
'propSquared' => $this->prop ** 2,
        ];
    }
}

var_dump(new C(42));
?>

Exemplul de mai sus va afișa:

object(C)#1 (1) {
  ["propSquared"]=>
  int(1764)
}

gost-crypto hash algorithm

The gost-crypto hash algorithm has been added. This implements the GOST hash function using the CryptoPro S-box tables as specified by » RFC 4357, section 11.2.

SSL/TLS improvements

A wide range of improvements have been made to the SSL/TLS support in PHP 5.6. These include enabling peer verification by default, supporting certificate fingerprint matching, mitigating against TLS renegotiation attacks, and many new SSL context options to allow more fine grained control over protocol and verification settings when using encrypted streams.

These changes are described in more detail in the OpenSSL changes in PHP 5.6.x section of this migration guide.

pgsql async support

The pgsql extension now supports asynchronous connections and queries, thereby enabling non-blocking behaviour when interacting with PostgreSQL databases. Asynchronous connections may be established via the PGSQL_CONNECT_ASYNC constant, and the new pg_connect_poll(), pg_socket(), pg_consume_input() and pg_flush() functions may be used to handle asynchronous connections and queries.

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User Contributed Notes 7 notes

up
163
tr0y
10 years ago
It is also possible ( in 5.6.0alpha ) to typehint the ...-operator

function foo (stdclass ... $inbound) {
   var_dump($inbound);
}

// ok:
foo( (object)['foo' => 'bar'], (object)['bar' => 'foo'] );

// fails:
foo( 1, 2, 3, 4 );
up
36
Anonymous
9 years ago
Remember, that

    ($a ** $b) ** $c === $a ** ($b * $c)

Thats why exponent operator** is RIGHT associative.
up
38
ashnazg at php dot net
9 years ago
Note the order of operations in that exponentiation operator, as it was opposite of what my first expectation was:

<?php
// what I had expected,
// evaluating left to right,
// since no parens were used to guide the order of operations
2 ** 3 ** 2 == 64; // (2 ** 3) ** 2 = 8 ** 2 = 64

// the given example,
// which appears to evaluate right to left
2 ** 3 ** 2 == 512; // 2 ** (3 ** 2) = 2 ** 9 = 512
?>
up
7
ciachn
9 years ago
Having 2 ** 3 ** 2 = 512 is actually that is the exact correct behavior for a right-associative operator just as specified in the "**" documentation.
up
13
gmblar+php at gmail dot com
10 years ago
<?php

function array_zip(...$arrays) {
    return
array_merge(...array_map(NULL, ...$arrays));
}

$a = array(1, 4, 7);
$b = array(2, 5, 8);
$c = array(3, 6, 9);

var_dump(implode(', ', array_zip($a, $b, $c)));

// Output
string(25) "1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9"
up
-1
stocki dot r at gmail dot com
3 years ago
You can create a self-documented, named argument workaround in PHP 5.6-7 with ... operator:

<?php
htmlspecialchars
($string, ...array_values([
   
'flags'         => ENT_COMPAT | ENT_HTML401,
   
'encoding'      => 'UTF-8',
   
'double_encode' => false,
]))
?>
up
-3
BernieV
4 years ago
The splat operator (...) is documented everywhere with no space after it.
But it seems to work just as well with whitespace between ... and what follows.
My IDE line-wrapped, introducing white-space, immediately after the ...
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