file

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)

fileReads entire file into an array

Descrierea

file ( string $filename [, int $flags = 0 [, resource $context ]] ) : array

Reads an entire file into an array.

Notă:

You can use file_get_contents() to return the contents of a file as a string.

Parametri

filename

Path to the file.

Sfat

Un URL poate fi utilizat în calitate de denumire a fișierului în această funcție dacă învelișurile fopen au fost activate. Accesați fopen() pentru mai multe detalii despre modul de specificare a denumirii fișierului. Accesați Supported Protocols and Wrappers pentru referințe la informații despre posibilitățile pe care le oferă diferite învelișuri, note despre utilizarea lor și informații despre variabile predefinite pe care le oferă.

flags

The optional parameter flags can be one, or more, of the following constants:

FILE_USE_INCLUDE_PATH
Search for the file in the include_path.
FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES
Omit newline at the end of each array element
FILE_SKIP_EMPTY_LINES
Skip empty lines

context

A context resource created with the stream_context_create() function.

Notă: Susținrea contextelor a fost adăugată începând cu PHP 5.0.0. Pentru o descriere a contextelor, referiți-vă la Streams.

Valorile întoarse

Returns the file in an array. Each element of the array corresponds to a line in the file, with the newline still attached. Upon failure, file() returns false.

Notă:

Each line in the resulting array will include the line ending, unless FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES is used.

Notă: Dacă PHP nu recunoaște corect terminațiile liniilor atunci când citește fișiere pe, sau create pe un computer Macintosh, atunci activarea opțiunii de configurare la rulare auto_detect_line_endings ar trebui să ajute la soluționarea problemei.

Erori/Excepții

Emits an E_WARNING level error if the file does not exist.

Exemple

Example #1 file() example

<?php
// Get a file into an array.  In this example we'll go through HTTP to get
// the HTML source of a URL.
$lines file('http://www.example.com/');

// Loop through our array, show HTML source as HTML source; and line numbers too.
foreach ($lines as $line_num => $line) {
    echo 
"Line #<b>{$line_num}</b> : " htmlspecialchars($line) . "<br />\n";
}

// Another example, let's get a web page into a string.  See also file_get_contents().
$html implode(''file('http://www.example.com/'));

// Using the optional flags parameter since PHP 5
$trimmed file('somefile.txt'FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES FILE_SKIP_EMPTY_LINES);
?>

Note

Avertizare

La utilizarea SSL, Microsoft IIS va viola protocolul prin închiderea conexiunii fără a trimite un indicator close_notify. PHP va raporta aceasta ca "SSL: Fatal Protocol Error" (eroare fatală de protocol) când se ajunge la sfârșitul datelor. Pentru a evita aceasta coborât nivelul error_reporting pentru a nu include avertizări. PHP poate detecta soft-ul de server IIS care produce astfel de greșeli când deschideți fluxul utilizând învelișul https:// și va suprima automat avertizările. La utilizarea fsockopen() pentru a crea un socket ssl:// programatorul este responsabil să detecteze și să suprime această avertizare.

A se vedea și

add a note add a note

User Contributed Notes 15 notes

up
19
bingo at dingo dot com
10 years ago
To write all the lines of the file in other words to read the file line by line you can write the code like this:
<?php
$names
=file('name.txt');
// To check the number of lines
echo count($names).'<br>';
foreach(
$names as $name)
{
   echo
$name.'<br>';
}
?>

this example is so basic to understand how it's working. I hope it will help many beginners.

Regards,
Bingo
up
14
Martin K.
9 years ago
If the file you are reading is in CSV format do not use file(), use fgetcsv().  file() will split the file by each newline that it finds, even newlines that appear within a field (i.e. within quotations).
up
14
d basin
14 years ago
this may be obvious, but it took me a while to figure out what I was doing wrong. So I wanted to share. I have a file on my "c:\" drive. How do I file() it?

Don't forget the backslash is special and you have to "escape" the backslash i.e. "\\":

<?php

$lines
= file("C:\\Documents and Settings\\myfile.txt");

foreach(
$lines as $line)
{
    echo(
$line);
}

?>

hope this helps...
up
9
twichi at web dot de
12 years ago
read from CSV data (file) into an array with named keys

... with or without 1st row = header (keys)
(see 4th parameter of function call as  true / false)

<?php
// --------------------------------------------------------------

function csv_in_array($url,$delm=";",$encl="\"",$head=false) {
   
   
$csvxrow = file($url);   // ---- csv rows to array ----
   
   
$csvxrow[0] = chop($csvxrow[0]);
   
$csvxrow[0] = str_replace($encl,'',$csvxrow[0]);
   
$keydata = explode($delm,$csvxrow[0]);
   
$keynumb = count($keydata);
   
    if (
$head === true) {
   
$anzdata = count($csvxrow);
   
$z=0;
    for(
$x=1; $x<$anzdata; $x++) {
       
$csvxrow[$x] = chop($csvxrow[$x]);
       
$csvxrow[$x] = str_replace($encl,'',$csvxrow[$x]);
       
$csv_data[$x] = explode($delm,$csvxrow[$x]);
       
$i=0;
        foreach(
$keydata as $key) {
           
$out[$z][$key] = $csv_data[$x][$i];
           
$i++;
            }   
       
$z++;
        }
    }
    else {
       
$i=0;
        foreach(
$csvxrow as $item) {
           
$item = chop($item);
           
$item = str_replace($encl,'',$item);
           
$csv_data = explode($delm,$item);
            for (
$y=0; $y<$keynumb; $y++) {
              
$out[$i][$y] = $csv_data[$y];
            }
       
$i++;
        }
    }

return
$out;
}

// --------------------------------------------------------------

?>

fuction call with 4 parameters:

(1) = the file with CSV data (url / string)
(2) = colum delimiter (e.g: ; or | or , ...)
(3) = values enclosed by (e.g: ' or " or ^ or ...)
(4) = with or without 1st row = head (true/false)

<?php

// ----- call ------
$csvdata = csv_in_array( $yourcsvfile, ";", "\"", true );
// -----------------

// ----- view ------
echo "<pre>\r\n";
print_r($csvdata);
echo
"</pre>\r\n";
// -----------------

?>

PS: also see: http://php.net/manual/de/function.fgetcsv.php to read CSV data into an array
... and other file-handling methods

^
up
0
renanlazarotto at gmail dot com
2 years ago
Be aware that using file() to count lines can cause OOM on the server as it'll allocate all lines into an array.

If you're dealing with files that can have thousands of lines, SplFileObject might be a better idea and with little changes you can get the same result.
up
0
radler63 at hotmail dot com
5 years ago
My experience is that the function file does uses the cached content if the file has changed....
up
-1
sheldon at hyperlinked dot com
4 years ago
As of PHP 5.6 the file(), file_get_contents(), and fopen() functions will return false if you are referencing a source URL that doesn't have a valid SSL certificate. Presumably, you will run into this a lot in your development environments this will drive you crazy.

You will need to create a stream context and provide it as an argument to the various file operations to tell it to ignore invalid SSL credentials.

$args = array("ssl"=>array("verify_peer"=>false,"verify_peer_name"=>false),"http"=>array('timeout' => 60, 'user_agent' => 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.9) Gecko/20071025 Firefox/3.0.0.1'));

$context = stream_context_create($args);
$httpfile = file($url, false, $context);
up
-12
lanresmith
6 years ago
Using if ( file(name.txt) ) might not be enough for testing if the file was successfully opened for reading because the file could be empty in which case the array returned is empty, so test instead with !==. e.g.:

$file_array = file('test.txt'); // an empty file

echo '<pre>';
if ( $file_array ) {
    # code...
    echo "success\n";
} else {
    # code...
    echo "failure\n"; // executed
}

if ( $file_array !== false ) {
    # code...
    echo "success\n"; // executed
} else {
    # code...
    echo "failure\n";
}
echo '</pre>';

result:
failure
success
up
-15
Anonymous
10 years ago
("file()'s problem with UTF-16" is wrong. This is updated.
The former may miss the last line of the string.)

file() seems to have a problem in handling
UTF-16 with or without BOM.

file() is likely to think "\n"=LF (0A) as a line-ending.
So, not only "000A" but also "010A, 020A,...,FE0A, FF0A,..."
are regarded as line-endings.

Moreover, file() causes a serious problem in UTF-16LE.
file() loses first "0A" (the first half of "0A00")!
And the next line begins with "00" (the rest of "0A00").
So lines after the first "0A" are totally different.

To avoid this phenomena,
eg. in case (php_script : UTF-8 , file : UTF-16 with line-ending "\r\n"),

<?php

mb_regex_encoding
('UTF-16');    // to help mb_ereg_..() work properly
$str = file_get_contents($file_path);
$to_encoding = 'UTF-16';        // encoding of string
$from_encoding = 'UTF-8';        // encoding of PHP_script
$pattern1 = mb_convert_encoding('[^\r]*\r\n', $to_encoding, $from_encoding);
mb_ereg_search_init($str, $pattern1);
while (
$res = mb_ereg_search_regs()) {
   
$file[] = $res[0];
}
$pattern2 = mb_convert_encoding('\A.*\r\n(.*)\z', $to_encoding, $from_encoding);
mb_ereg($pattern2, $str, $match);
   
$file[] = $match[1];

?>

instead of
$file = file($file_path);

If line-ending is "\n",
$pattern1 = mb_convert_encoding('[^\n]*\n', $to_encoding, $from_encoding);
up
-16
jon+spamcheck at phpsitesolutions dot com
15 years ago
A user suggested using rtrim always, due to the line ending conflict with files that have an EOL that differs from the server EOL.

Using rtrim with it's default character replacement is a bad solution though, as it removes all whitespace in addition to the '\r' and '\n' characters.

A good solution using rtrim follows:

<?php
$line
= rtrim($line, "\r\n") . PHP_EOL;
?>

This removes only EOL characters, and replaces with the server's EOL character, thus making preg_* work fine when matching the EOL ($)
up
-16
marco dot remy at aol dot com
9 years ago
Here's my CSV converter
supports Header and trims all fields
Note: Headers must be not empty!

<?php

function csv2array($file, $delim = ';', $encl = '"', $header = false) {
   
   
# File does not exist
   
if(!file_exists($file))
        return
false;
   
   
# Read lines of file to array
   
$file_lines = file($file, FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES | FILE_SKIP_EMPTY_LINES);
   
   
# Empty file
   
if($file_lines === array())
        return
NULL;
   
   
# Read headers if you want to
   
if($header === true) {
       
$line_header = array_shift($file_lines);
       
$array_header = array_map('trim', str_getcsv($line_header, $delim, $encl));
    }

   
$out = NULL;

   
# Now line per line (strings)
   
foreach ($file_lines as $line) {
       
# Skip empty lines
       
if(trim($line) === '')
            continue;
       
       
# Convert line to array
       
$array_fields = array_map('trim', str_getcsv($line, $delim, $encl));
       
       
# If header present, combine header and fields as key => value
       
if($header === true)
           
$out[] = array_combine ($array_header, $array_fields);
        else
           
$out[] = $array_fields;
    }
   
    return
$out;
}
?>
up
-13
Reversed: moc dot liamg at senroc dot werdna
16 years ago
This note applies to PHP 5.1.6 under Windows (although may apply to other versions).

It appears that the 'FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES' flag doesn't remove newlines properly when reading Windows-style text files, i.e. files whose lines end in '\r\n'.

Solution: Always use 'rtrim()' in preference to 'FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES'.
up
-18
justin at visunet dot ie
20 years ago
Note: Now that file() is binary safe it is 'much' slower than it used to be. If you are planning to read large files it may be worth your while using fgets() instead of file() For example:

<?php
$fd
= fopen ("log_file.txt", "r");
while (!
feof ($fd))
{
  
$buffer = fgets($fd, 4096);
  
$lines[] = $buffer;
}
fclose ($fd);
?>

The resulting array is $lines.

I did a test on a 200,000 line file. It took seconds with fgets()  compared to minutes with file().
up
-16
vbchris at gmail dot com
16 years ago
If you're getting "failed to open stream: Permission denied" when trying to use either file() or fopen() to access files on another server. Check your host doesn't have any firewall restrictions in-place which prevent outbound connections. This is the case with my host Aplus.net
up
-41
info at carstanje dot com
17 years ago
Using file() for reading large text files > 10 Mb gives problems, therefore you should use this instead. It is much slower but it works fine. $lines will return an array with all the lines.

<?php
$handle
= @fopen('yourfile...', "r");
if (
$handle) {
   while (!
feof($handle)) {
      
$lines[] = fgets($handle, 4096);
   }
  
fclose($handle);
}
?>
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