mb_convert_case

(PHP 4 >= 4.3.0, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

mb_convert_caseRealiza a conversão de caixa em uma string

Descrição

mb_convert_case(string $string, int $mode, ?string $encoding = null): string

Realiza a conversão de caixa em uma string, convertida da maneira especificada por mode.

Parâmetros

string

A string sendo convertida.

mode

O modo de conversão. Pode ser um dos MB_CASE_UPPER, MB_CASE_LOWER, MB_CASE_TITLE, MB_CASE_FOLD, MB_CASE_UPPER_SIMPLE, MB_CASE_LOWER_SIMPLE, MB_CASE_TITLE_SIMPLE, MB_CASE_FOLD_SIMPLE.

encoding

O parâmetro encoding é a codificação de caracteres. Se for omitido ou null, o valor da codificação de caracteres interna será usado.

Valor Retornado

Uma versão da string com conversão de caixa conforme especificado por mode.

Registro de Alterações

Versão Descrição
7.3.0 Adicionado suporte para MB_CASE_FOLD, MB_CASE_UPPER_SIMPLE, MB_CASE_LOWER_SIMPLE, MB_CASE_TITLE_SIMPLE, e MB_CASE_FOLD_SIMPLE como mode.

Exemplos

Exemplo #1 Exemplo de mb_convert_case()

<?php
$str
= "mary had a Little lamb and she loved it so";
$str = mb_convert_case($str, MB_CASE_UPPER, "UTF-8");
echo
$str; // Prints MARY HAD A LITTLE LAMB AND SHE LOVED IT SO
$str = mb_convert_case($str, MB_CASE_TITLE, "UTF-8");
echo
$str; // Prints Mary Had A Little Lamb And She Loved It So
?>

Exemplo #2 Exemplo de mb_convert_case() com texto UTF-8 não latino

<?php
$str
= "Τάχιστη αλώπηξ βαφής ψημένη γη, δρασκελίζει υπέρ νωθρού κυνός";
$str = mb_convert_case($str, MB_CASE_UPPER, "UTF-8");
echo
$str; // Imprime ΤΆΧΙΣΤΗ ΑΛΏΠΗΞ ΒΑΦΉΣ ΨΗΜΈΝΗ ΓΗ, ΔΡΑΣΚΕΛΊΖΕΙ ΥΠΈΡ ΝΩΘΡΟΎ ΚΥΝΌΣ
$str = mb_convert_case($str, MB_CASE_TITLE, "UTF-8");
echo
$str; // Imprime Τάχιστη Αλώπηξ Βαφήσ Ψημένη Γη, Δρασκελίζει Υπέρ Νωθρού Κυνόσ
?>

Notas

Ao contrário das funções padrão de conversão de caixa, como strtolower() e strtoupper(), a conversão de caixa é realizada com base nas propriedades dos caracteres Unicode. Assim, o comportamento desta função não é afetado pelas configurações de localidade e ela pode converter qualquer caractere que tenha a propriedade 'alfabética', como o a-umlaut (ä).

Para obter mais informações sobre as propriedades Unicode, consulte » http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr21/.

Veja Também

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User Contributed Notes 9 notes

up
11
agash at freemail dot hu
14 years ago
as the previouly posted version of this function doesn't handle UTF-8 characters, I simply tried to replace ucfirst to mb_convert_case, but then any previous case foldings were lost while looping through delimiters.
So I decided to do an mb_convert_case on the input string (it also deals with words is uppercase wich may also be problematic when doing case-sensitive search), and do the rest of checking after that.

As with mb_convert_case, words are capitalized, I also added lowercase convertion for the exceptions, but, for the above mentioned reason, I left ucfirst unchanged.

Now it works fine for utf-8 strings as well, except for string delimiters followed by an UTF-8 character ("Mcádám" is unchanged, while "mcdunno's" is converted to "McDunno's" and "ökrös-TÓTH éDUa" in also put in the correct form)

I use it for checking user input on names and addresses, so exceptions list contains some hungarian words too.

<?php

function titleCase($string, $delimiters = array(" ", "-", ".", "'", "O'", "Mc"), $exceptions = array("út", "u", "s", "és", "utca", "tér", "krt", "körút", "sétány", "I", "II", "III", "IV", "V", "VI", "VII", "VIII", "IX", "X", "XI", "XII", "XIII", "XIV", "XV", "XVI", "XVII", "XVIII", "XIX", "XX", "XXI", "XXII", "XXIII", "XXIV", "XXV", "XXVI", "XXVII", "XXVIII", "XXIX", "XXX" )) {
      
/*
        * Exceptions in lower case are words you don't want converted
        * Exceptions all in upper case are any words you don't want converted to title case
        *   but should be converted to upper case, e.g.:
        *   king henry viii or king henry Viii should be King Henry VIII
        */
       
$string = mb_convert_case($string, MB_CASE_TITLE, "UTF-8");

       foreach (
$delimiters as $dlnr => $delimiter){
              
$words = explode($delimiter, $string);
              
$newwords = array();
               foreach (
$words as $wordnr => $word){
              
                       if (
in_array(mb_strtoupper($word, "UTF-8"), $exceptions)){
                              
// check exceptions list for any words that should be in upper case
                              
$word = mb_strtoupper($word, "UTF-8");
                       }
                       elseif (
in_array(mb_strtolower($word, "UTF-8"), $exceptions)){
                              
// check exceptions list for any words that should be in upper case
                              
$word = mb_strtolower($word, "UTF-8");
                       }
                      
                       elseif (!
in_array($word, $exceptions) ){
                              
// convert to uppercase (non-utf8 only)
                            
                              
$word = ucfirst($word);
                              
                       }
                      
array_push($newwords, $word);
               }
              
$string = join($delimiter, $newwords);
       }
//foreach
      
return $string;
}

?>
up
5
dave at wp dot pl
7 years ago
MB_CASE_TITLE doesn't change letters in quotation marks.

Example:
mb_convert_case('AAA "aaa"', MB_CASE_TITLE);
// Result: Aaa "aaa"
up
2
alNzy
4 years ago
You can use this function to fix problems related to Turkish "ı", "I", "i", "İ" characters. This function also replaces the weird "i̇" character with regular "i" character ("i̇ => i").

function mb_convert_case_tr($str, $type, $encoding = "UTF-8")
{

  switch ($type) {
    case "u":
    case "upper":
    case MB_CASE_UPPER:
      $type = MB_CASE_UPPER;
      break;
    case "l":
    case "lower":
    case MB_CASE_LOWER:
      $type = MB_CASE_LOWER;
      break;
    case "t":
    case "title":
    case MB_CASE_TITLE:
      $type = MB_CASE_TITLE;
      break;
  }

  $str = str_replace("i", "İ", $str);
  $str = str_replace("I", "ı", $str);

  $str = mb_convert_case($str, $type, $encoding);
  $str = str_replace("i̇", "i", $str);

  return $str;
}
up
3
Rasa Ravi at tantrajoga dot cz
18 years ago
For CZECH characters:
<?php
$text
= mb_convert_case($text, MB_CASE_LOWER, "Windows-1251");
?>
The right encoding Windows-1250 is not valid (see the list mb_list_encodings), but Windows-1251 will do the same 100%. The function strtolower() ignores czech characters with diacritics.
up
3
info at yasarnet dot com
15 years ago
For my case following did the work to capitalize UTF-8 encoded string.

function capitalize($str, $encoding = 'UTF-8') {
    return mb_strtoupper(mb_substr($str, 0, 1, $encoding), $encoding) . mb_strtolower(mb_substr($str, 1, mb_strlen($str), $encoding), $encoding);
}
up
1
the at psychoticneurotic dot com
14 years ago
Building upon Justin's and Alex's work...

This function allows you to specify which delimiter(s) to explode on (not just the default space). Now you can correctly capitalize Irish names and hyphenated words (if you want)!

<?php
function titleCase($string, $delimiters = array(" ", "-", "O'"), $exceptions = array("to", "a", "the", "of", "by", "and", "with", "II", "III", "IV", "V", "VI", "VII", "VIII", "IX", "X")) {
      
/*
        * Exceptions in lower case are words you don't want converted
        * Exceptions all in upper case are any words you don't want converted to title case
        *   but should be converted to upper case, e.g.:
        *   king henry viii or king henry Viii should be King Henry VIII
        */
      
foreach ($delimiters as $delimiter){
              
$words = explode($delimiter, $string);
              
$newwords = array();
               foreach (
$words as $word){
                       if (
in_array(strtoupper($word), $exceptions)){
                              
// check exceptions list for any words that should be in upper case
                              
$word = strtoupper($word);
                       } elseif (!
in_array($word, $exceptions)){
                              
// convert to uppercase
                              
$word = ucfirst($word);
                       }
                      
array_push($newwords, $word);
               }
              
$string = join($delimiter, $newwords);
       }
       return
$string;
}
?>
up
-1
tavhane at gmail dot com
5 years ago
for turkish simple:

$str = mb_convert_case(str_replace(['i','I'], ['İ','ı'], $str), MB_CASE_TITLE,"UTF-8");
up
-2
webenformasyon at gmail dot com
6 years ago
for turkish language I => i  and i => I conversion is a problem. It must be I => ı and i => İ so my simple solution is

    public function title_case_turkish($str){


        $str = str_replace("i", "İ", $str);
        $str = str_replace("I", "ı", $str);

        $str = mb_convert_case($str, MB_CASE_TITLE,"UTF-8");

        return $str;

    }
up
-7
cataphract at php dot net
13 years ago
This is a variation of mb_convert_case that works only for UTF-8 strings and that will not convert to lowercase anything.

This avoids turning "AAA aaa" into "Aaa Aaa"; it maps "AAA aaa" into ""AAA Aaa" instead.

<?php
function mb_convert_case_utf8_variation($s) {
   
$arr = preg_split("//u", $s, -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY);
   
$result = "";
   
$mode = false;
    foreach (
$arr as $char) {
       
$res = preg_match(
           
'/\\p{Mn}|\\p{Me}|\\p{Cf}|\\p{Lm}|\\p{Sk}|\\p{Lu}|\\p{Ll}|'.
           
'\\p{Lt}|\\p{Sk}|\\p{Cs}/u', $char) == 1;
        if (
$mode) {
            if (!
$res)
               
$mode = false;
        }
        elseif (
$res) {
           
$mode = true;
           
$char = mb_convert_case($char, MB_CASE_TITLE, "UTF-8");
        }
       
$result .= $char;
    }

    return
$result;
}
?>
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