If strange characters are returned use utf8_encode(strftime()) for UTF-8 characters
(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)
strftime — Formatuje lokalną datę/czas zgodnie z lokalizacją
$format
[, int $znacznik_czasu
= time()
] ) : stringFormatuje datę i lub/czas zgodnie z ustawieniami lokalizacji. Nazwy miesięcy i i dni tygodnia oraz inne ciągi zależne od języka, przestrzegają obecnej lokalizacji ustawionej przez setlocale().
Nie wszystkie symbole konwersji mogą być wspierane przez Twoją bibliotekę C i w takim wypadku nie będą wspierane przez funkcję strftime() z PHP. Ponadto, nie wszystkie platformy wspierają ujemne zaczniki czasu, więc zakres dat może być ograniczony do początku epoki Uniksa. Oznacza to, że %e, %T, %R i %D (oraz możliwe, że inne) - tak samo jak daty przed 01.01.1970 - to wszystko nie zadziała na Windows, niektórych dystrybucjach Linuksa i kilku innych systemach operacyjnych. Przegląd symboli konwersji wspieranych przez system Windows można znaleźć na » MSDN.
format
format |
Opis | Przykład zwróconej wartości |
---|---|---|
Dzień | --- | --- |
%a | Skrótowa tekstowa nazwa dnia | Sun do Sat |
%A | Pełna tekstowa nazwa dnia | Sunday do Saturday |
%d | Dwucyfrowy zapis dnia miesiąca (z zerami wiodącymi) | 01 do 31 |
%e | Dzień miesiąca ze spacją poprzedzającą wartości jednocyfrowe. Niedostępne w systemie Windows, jak już napisano. Więcej informacji znajdziesz poniżej. | 1 do 31 |
%j | Dzień roku, 3 cyfry z zerami wiodącymi | 001 do 366 |
%u | Numeryczne przedstawienie dnia tygodnia zgodne z ISO-8601 | 1 (poniedziałek) do 7 (niedziela) |
%w | Numeryczne przedstawienie dnia tygodnia | 0 (niedziela) do 6 (sobota) |
Tydzień | --- | --- |
%U | Numer tygodnia w danym roku, poczynając od pierwszej niedzieli, jako pierwszego tygodnia | 13 (dla trzynastego tygodnia w roku) |
%V | Numer tygonia w danym roku zgodny z ISO-8601:1988, poczynając od pierwszego tygodnia, z przynajmniej czterema dniami w tym roku, poniedziałek jest początkiem tygodnia | 01 do 53 (gdzie 53 to tydzień przejściowy) |
%W | Numer tygodnia w danym roku, poczynając od pierwszego poniedziałku, jako pierwszego tygodnia | 46 (dla 46 tygodnia roku rozpoczynającego się poniedziałkiem) |
Miesiąc | --- | --- |
%b | Skrótowa nazwa miesiąca, zgodnie z lokalizacją | Sty do Gru |
%B | Pełna nazwa miesiąca, zgodnie z lokalizacją | Styczeń do Grudzień |
%h | Skrótowa nazwa miesiąca, zgodnie z lokalizacją (alias dla %b) | Sty do Gru |
%m | Dwucyfrowa reprezentacja miesiąca | 01 (styczeń) do 12 (grudzień) |
Rok | --- | --- |
%C | Dwucyfrowa reprezentacja stulecia (rok podzielony na 100, przycięty do liczby całkowitej) | 19 dla dwudziestego wieku |
%g | Dwucyfrowa reprezentacja roku zgodna ze standardem ISO-8601:1988 (zobacz %V) | Przykład: 09 dla tygodnia z 06.01.2009 |
%G | Pełna, czterocyfrowa wersja %g | Przykład: 2008 dla tygodnia z 03.01.2009 |
%y | Dwucyfrowa reprezentacja roku | Przykład: 09 dla roku 2009, 79 dla roku 1979 |
%Y | Czterocyfrowa reprezentacja roku | Przykład: 2038 |
Czas | --- | --- |
%H | Dwucyfrowa reprezentacja godziny, w formacie 24-godzinnym | 00 do 23 |
%k | Godzina w formacie 24-godzinnym, ze spacją poprzedzającą wartości jednocyfrowe | 0 do 23 |
%I | Dwucyfrowa reprezentacja godziny, w formacie 12-godzinnym | 01 do 12 |
%l (małe 'L') | Dwucyfrowa reprezentacja godziny, w formacie 12-godzinnym, ze spacją poprzedzającą wartości jednocyfrowe | 1 do 12 |
%M | Dwucyfrowa reprezentacja minuty | 00 do 59 |
%p | 'AM' lub 'PM' zapisane wielkimi literami, zależnie od podanego czasu | Przykład: AM dla 00:31, PM dla 22:23 |
%P | 'am' lub 'pm' zapisane malymi literami, zależnie od podanego czasu | Przykład: am dla 00:31, pm dla 22:23 |
%r | To samo co "%I:%M:%S %p" | Przykład: 09:34:17 PM dla 21:34:17 |
%R | To samo co "%H:%M" | Przykład: 00:35 dla 12:35 AM, 16:44 dla 4:44 PM |
%S | Dwucyfrowa reprezentacja sekundy | 00 do 59 |
%T | To samo co "%H:%M:%S" | Przykład: 21:34:17 dla 09:34:17 PM |
%X | Preferowane przedstawienie czasu, zależne od lokalizacji, bez daty | Przykład: 03:59:16 lub 15:59:16 |
%z | Przesunięcie strefy czasowej. Niedostępne na Windows, jak już napisano. Więcej informacji znajdziesz poniżej. | Przykład: -0500 dla czasu w US Eastern Time |
%Z | Skrót strefy czasowej. Niedostępne na Windows, jak już napisano. Więcej informacji znajdziesz poniżej. | Przykład: EST dla czasu w Eastern Time |
Znaczniki daty i czasu | --- | --- |
%c | Preferowany znacznik daty i czasu w obecnej lokalizacji | Przykład: Pon 05.02.2009 00:45:10 dla February 5, 2009 at 12:45:10 AM |
%D | To samo co "%m/%d/%y" | Przykład: 02/05/09 dla 02.05.2009 |
%F | To samo co "%Y-%m-%d" (często używane w znacznikach dat baz danych) | Przykład: 2009-02-05 dla 02.05.2009 |
%s | Uniksowy znacznik czasu (to samo co funkcja time()) | Przykład: 305815200 dla 10.09.1979 08:40:00 |
%x | Preferowana reprezentacja daty w obecej lokalizacji, bez czasu | Przykład: 02/05/09 dla 05.02.2009 |
Różne | --- | --- |
%n | Znak nowej linii ("\n") | --- |
%t | Tabulator ("\t") | --- |
%% | Znak procenta ("%") | --- |
Maksymalna długość tego parametru to 1023 znaki.
W przeciwieństwie do ISO-9899:1999, system Sun Solaris podaje niedzielę jako 1. W wyniku tego, %u może nie działać tak jak opisano to w tym podręczniku.
Tylko dla Windows:
Modyfikator %e nie jest wspierany w Windowsowej implementatacji tej funkcji. Aby otrzymać tą wartość, można użyć modyfikatora %#d. Przykład poniżej pokazuje jak napisać funkcję kompatybilną między platformami.
Modyfikatory %z i %Z zwracają nazę strefy czasowej zamiast jej przesunięcia czy skrótu.
Tylko dla macOS: Modyfikator %P nie jest wspierany w implementacji tej funkcji dla macOS.
timestamp
Opcjonalny parametr uniksowy znacznik czasu timestamp
jest typu
integer i domyślnie jest ustawiony na bieżący czas lokalny jeśli
timestamp
nie został podany. Innymi słowy,
domyślnie to wartość funkcji time().
Zwraca łańcuch znaków sformatowany zgodnie z argumentem format
używając czasu podanego jako znacznik_czasu
lub obecnego
czasu lokalnego, jeśli nie podano tego argumentu. Nazwy miesięcy i dni tygodnia oraz
inne łańcuch zależne od języka uwzględniają obecną lokalizację ustawioną
przez setlocale().
Każde wywołanie do funkcji date/time spowoduje wygenerowanie E_NOTICE
jeśli strefa czasowa jest nieprawidłowa, lub/i wiadomość E_STRICT
jeśli użyto ustawień systemu lub zmiennej środowiskowej TZ.
Patrz także date_default_timezone_set()
Ponieważ wynik funkcji zależy od działającej pod spodem biblioteki C, niektóre modyfikatory
nie są wspierane. Na Windows, podanie nieznanego modyfikatora zaskutkuje
wygenerowaniem 5 wiadomości E_WARNING
i zwróceniem
FALSE
. Na innych systemach możesz nie otrzymać żadnych wiadomości
E_WARNING
, a wyjście może zawierać
nieskonwertowane modyfikatory.
Wersja | Opis |
---|---|
5.1.0 |
Teraz generuje błędy strefy czasowej o poziomie |
Ten przykład zadziała, jeżeli masz zainstalowane w systemie odpowiednie lokalizacje.
Przykład #1 Przykłady lokalizacji strftime()
<?php
setlocale(LC_TIME, "C");
echo strftime("%A");
setlocale(LC_TIME, "fi_FI");
echo strftime(" po fińsku to %A,");
setlocale(LC_TIME, "fr_FR");
echo strftime(" po francusku %A i");
setlocale(LC_TIME, "de_DE");
echo strftime(" po niemiecku %A.\n");
?>
Przykład #2 Przykład numerów tygodnia zgodnych z ISO 8601:1988
<?php
/* Grudzień 2002 / Styczeń 2003
ISOTyg Po Wt Śr Czw Pt So Nd
----- ----------------------------
51 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
52 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
1 30 31 1 2 3 4 5
2 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
3 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 */
// Wyświetla: 12/28/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = 52,2002,2002
echo "12/28/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y", strtotime("12/28/2002")) . "\n";
// Wyświetla: 12/30/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2003,2002
echo "12/30/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y", strtotime("12/30/2002")) . "\n";
// Wyświetla: 1/3/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2003,2003
echo "1/3/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/3/2003")) . "\n";
// Wyświetla: 1/10/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = 2,2003,2003
echo "1/10/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/10/2003")) . "\n";
/* Grudzień 2004 / Styczeń 2005
ISOTyg Po Wt Śr Czw Pt So Nd
----- ----------------------------
51 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
52 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
53 27 28 29 30 31 1 2
1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 */
// Wyświetla: 12/23/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = 52,2004,2004
echo "12/23/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("12/23/2004")) . "\n";
// Wyświetla: 12/31/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = 53,2004,2004
echo "12/31/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("12/31/2004")) . "\n";
// Wyświetla: 1/2/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = 53,2004,2005
echo "1/2/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/2/2005")) . "\n";
// Wyświetla: 1/3/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2005,2005
echo "1/3/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/3/2005")) . "\n";
?>
Przykład #3 Przykład wieloplatformowego użycia modyfikatora %e
<?php
// 1 stycznia: wynikiem jest: '%e%1%' (%%, e, %%, %e, %%)
$format = '%%e%%%e%%';
// Zajdź i zamień modyfikator %e
// pod Windows
if (strtoupper(substr(PHP_OS, 0, 3)) == 'WIN') {
$format = preg_replace('#(?<!%)((?:%%)*)%e#', '\1%#d', $format);
}
echo strftime($format);
?>
Przykład #4 Wyświetl wszystkie znane i nieznane formaty.
<?php
// Opis formatów.
$strftimeFormats = array(
'A' => 'A full textual representation of the day',
'B' => 'Full month name, based on the locale',
'C' => 'Two digit representation of the century (year divided by 100, truncated to an integer)',
'D' => 'Same as "%m/%d/%y"',
'E' => '',
'F' => 'Same as "%Y-%m-%d"',
'G' => 'The full four-digit version of %g',
'H' => 'Two digit representation of the hour in 24-hour format',
'I' => 'Two digit representation of the hour in 12-hour format',
'J' => '',
'K' => '',
'L' => '',
'M' => 'Two digit representation of the minute',
'N' => '',
'O' => '',
'P' => 'lower-case "am" or "pm" based on the given time',
'Q' => '',
'R' => 'Same as "%H:%M"',
'S' => 'Two digit representation of the second',
'T' => 'Same as "%H:%M:%S"',
'U' => 'Week number of the given year, starting with the first Sunday as the first week',
'V' => 'ISO-8601:1988 week number of the given year, starting with the first week of the year with at least 4 weekdays, with Monday being the start of the week',
'W' => 'A numeric representation of the week of the year, starting with the first Monday as the first week',
'X' => 'Preferred time representation based on locale, without the date',
'Y' => 'Four digit representation for the year',
'Z' => 'The time zone offset/abbreviation option NOT given by %z (depends on operating system)',
'a' => 'An abbreviated textual representation of the day',
'b' => 'Abbreviated month name, based on the locale',
'c' => 'Preferred date and time stamp based on local',
'd' => 'Two-digit day of the month (with leading zeros)',
'e' => 'Day of the month, with a space preceding single digits',
'f' => '',
'g' => 'Two digit representation of the year going by ISO-8601:1988 standards (see %V)',
'h' => 'Abbreviated month name, based on the locale (an alias of %b)',
'i' => '',
'j' => 'Day of the year, 3 digits with leading zeros',
'k' => 'Hour in 24-hour format, with a space preceding single digits',
'l' => 'Hour in 12-hour format, with a space preceding single digits',
'm' => 'Two digit representation of the month',
'n' => 'A newline character ("\n")',
'o' => '',
'p' => 'UPPER-CASE "AM" or "PM" based on the given time',
'q' => '',
'r' => 'Same as "%I:%M:%S %p"',
's' => 'Unix Epoch Time timestamp',
't' => 'A Tab character ("\t")',
'u' => 'ISO-8601 numeric representation of the day of the week',
'v' => '',
'w' => 'Numeric representation of the day of the week',
'x' => 'Preferred date representation based on locale, without the time',
'y' => 'Two digit representation of the year',
'z' => 'Either the time zone offset from UTC or the abbreviation (depends on operating system)',
'%' => 'A literal percentage character ("%")',
);
// Results.
$strftimeValues = array();
// Evaluate the formats whilst suppressing any errors.
foreach($strftimeFormats as $format => $description){
if (False !== ($value = @strftime("%{$format}"))){
$strftimeValues[$format] = $value;
}
}
// Find the longest value.
$maxValueLength = 2 + max(array_map('strlen', $strftimeValues));
// Report known formats.
foreach($strftimeValues as $format => $value){
echo "Known format : '{$format}' = ", str_pad("'{$value}'", $maxValueLength), " ( {$strftimeFormats[$format]} )\n";
}
// Report unknown formats.
foreach(array_diff_key($strftimeFormats, $strftimeValues) as $format => $description){
echo "Unknown format : '{$format}' ", str_pad(' ', $maxValueLength), ($description ? " ( {$description} )" : ''), "\n";
}
?>
Powyższy przykład wyświetli coś podobnego do:
Known format : 'A' = 'Friday' ( A full textual representation of the day ) Known format : 'B' = 'December' ( Full month name, based on the locale ) Known format : 'H' = '11' ( Two digit representation of the hour in 24-hour format ) Known format : 'I' = '11' ( Two digit representation of the hour in 12-hour format ) Known format : 'M' = '24' ( Two digit representation of the minute ) Known format : 'S' = '44' ( Two digit representation of the second ) Known format : 'U' = '48' ( Week number of the given year, starting with the first Sunday as the first week ) Known format : 'W' = '48' ( A numeric representation of the week of the year, starting with the first Monday as the first week ) Known format : 'X' = '11:24:44' ( Preferred time representation based on locale, without the date ) Known format : 'Y' = '2010' ( Four digit representation for the year ) Known format : 'Z' = 'GMT Standard Time' ( The time zone offset/abbreviation option NOT given by %z (depends on operating system) ) Known format : 'a' = 'Fri' ( An abbreviated textual representation of the day ) Known format : 'b' = 'Dec' ( Abbreviated month name, based on the locale ) Known format : 'c' = '12/03/10 11:24:44' ( Preferred date and time stamp based on local ) Known format : 'd' = '03' ( Two-digit day of the month (with leading zeros) ) Known format : 'j' = '337' ( Day of the year, 3 digits with leading zeros ) Known format : 'm' = '12' ( Two digit representation of the month ) Known format : 'p' = 'AM' ( UPPER-CASE "AM" or "PM" based on the given time ) Known format : 'w' = '5' ( Numeric representation of the day of the week ) Known format : 'x' = '12/03/10' ( Preferred date representation based on locale, without the time ) Known format : 'y' = '10' ( Two digit representation of the year ) Known format : 'z' = 'GMT Standard Time' ( Either the time zone offset from UTC or the abbreviation (depends on operating system) ) Known format : '%' = '%' ( A literal percentage character ("%") ) Unknown format : 'C' ( Two digit representation of the century (year divided by 100, truncated to an integer) ) Unknown format : 'D' ( Same as "%m/%d/%y" ) Unknown format : 'E' Unknown format : 'F' ( Same as "%Y-%m-%d" ) Unknown format : 'G' ( The full four-digit version of %g ) Unknown format : 'J' Unknown format : 'K' Unknown format : 'L' Unknown format : 'N' Unknown format : 'O' Unknown format : 'P' ( lower-case "am" or "pm" based on the given time ) Unknown format : 'Q' Unknown format : 'R' ( Same as "%H:%M" ) Unknown format : 'T' ( Same as "%H:%M:%S" ) Unknown format : 'V' ( ISO-8601:1988 week number of the given year, starting with the first week of the year with at least 4 weekdays, with Monday being the start of the week ) Unknown format : 'e' ( Day of the month, with a space preceding single digits ) Unknown format : 'f' Unknown format : 'g' ( Two digit representation of the year going by ISO-8601:1988 standards (see %V) ) Unknown format : 'h' ( Abbreviated month name, based on the locale (an alias of %b) ) Unknown format : 'i' Unknown format : 'k' ( Hour in 24-hour format, with a space preceding single digits ) Unknown format : 'l' ( Hour in 12-hour format, with a space preceding single digits ) Unknown format : 'n' ( A newline character ("\n") ) Unknown format : 'o' Unknown format : 'q' Unknown format : 'r' ( Same as "%I:%M:%S %p" ) Unknown format : 's' ( Unix Epoch Time timestamp ) Unknown format : 't' ( A Tab character ("\t") ) Unknown format : 'u' ( ISO-8601 numeric representation of the day of the week ) Unknown format : 'v'
Informacja: %G i %V, które bazują na numerach tygodni ISO 8601:1988, mogą zwrócić nieprzewidziane (choć poprawne) wyniki jeżeli system numeracji nie został dogłębnie zrozumiany. Zobacz przykłady dla %V na tej stronie podręcznika.
If strange characters are returned use utf8_encode(strftime()) for UTF-8 characters
The page mentions that the available conversion specifiers may be different in "Windows, some Linux distributions, and a few other operating systems".
Specifically, the list of specifiers on this page is basically those from standard GNU/Linux (but without %E, %O, and %+), which is a combination of specifiers from a few different standards. See: http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/strftime.3.html
This means that, if you're not using Linux, or your Linux distro has a different C library than glibc, there *will* probably be at least a few differences in the supported specifiers. Windows has the most differences, but I've also encountered differences in Alpine Linux (which uses musl intsead of glibc) and BSD.
This worked for me to distinguish between windows and linux, for stripping leading zeros from days/months in the short formats (like for Czech):
stristr(PHP_OS,"win") ? "%#d.%#m.%Y" : "%-d.%-m.%Y"
For all those who work with WampServer on Windows,
I propose you a formatting(layout) of date as " Friday, January 1st, 2016 " instead of " Friday, January 01st, 2016 " (note the zero in front of 1) which works at the same time on Windows / WampServer and on (on-line) Linux / waiter.
There are problems with "%e" - > which(who) works on Linux and not on Windows - > "%#d" (this works on windows/wampserver)
I simply made a condition:
<?php
if ($_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'] == "website.com") // On line
{
$number_of_the_day= "%e"; // Number of the day without "0"
}
else
{
$number_of_the_day = "%#d"; // The same on Windows/Wampserver
}
setlocale(LC_TIME, 'fr_FR.utf8','fra'); // I'm french !
// i use this fonction ucfirst('string') for "V" Maj. and "J" Maj.
echo ucfirst(strftime('%A '.$number_of_the_day.' %B %Y'));
// "Vendredi 1 Janvier 2016" (-> without "0")
?>
Here we are, I hope to have helped.
Function strftime() use the locales installed in your system (linux).
If you are like me and only leave in the system the locales you use normally (en_US and your own language locale, like es_ES), you'll only be able to use the locales installed. If your application is translated to other languages, you need these locales too.
The name of the locale in your system is important too. This can be a problem when you want to distribute the app.
If you have this locales in your system:
en_US/ISO-8859-1
en_US.UTF-8/UTF-8
es_ES/ISO-8859-1
es_ES@euro/ISO-8859-15
es_ES.UTF-8/UTF-8
es_ES@euro/UTF-8
and use setlocale('es_ES'), the result will use the iso-8859-1 charset even if you have all your system, files and configuration options in UTF-8. To receive content in UTF-8, in this example, you need to use setlocale('es_ES.UTF-8') or setlocale('es_ES.UTF-8@UTF-8').
The definition of locales can change from one system to another, and so the charset from the results.
Created this small method to convert a date format to a strftime format. One format is enough to learn :)
<?php
/**
* Convert a date format to a strftime format
*
* Timezone conversion is done for unix. Windows users must exchange %z and %Z.
*
* Unsupported date formats : S, n, t, L, B, G, u, e, I, P, Z, c, r
* Unsupported strftime formats : %U, %W, %C, %g, %r, %R, %T, %X, %c, %D, %F, %x
*
* @param string $dateFormat a date format
* @return string
*/
public static function dateFormatToStrftime($dateFormat) {
$caracs = array(
// Day - no strf eq : S
'd' => '%d', 'D' => '%a', 'j' => '%e', 'l' => '%A', 'N' => '%u', 'w' => '%w', 'z' => '%j',
// Week - no date eq : %U, %W
'W' => '%V',
// Month - no strf eq : n, t
'F' => '%B', 'm' => '%m', 'M' => '%b',
// Year - no strf eq : L; no date eq : %C, %g
'o' => '%G', 'Y' => '%Y', 'y' => '%y',
// Time - no strf eq : B, G, u; no date eq : %r, %R, %T, %X
'a' => '%P', 'A' => '%p', 'g' => '%l', 'h' => '%I', 'H' => '%H', 'i' => '%M', 's' => '%S',
// Timezone - no strf eq : e, I, P, Z
'O' => '%z', 'T' => '%Z',
// Full Date / Time - no strf eq : c, r; no date eq : %c, %D, %F, %x
'U' => '%s'
);
return strtr((string)$dateFormat, $caracs);
}
?>
I use it with this condition on a date format :
if(preg_match("/(D|l|F|M)/", $format))
%V may fail with some systems (Windows XP, at least). Here is a function that should work to get the week number of a day (timestamped), according to ISO 8601.
"should work" as in "it is working with my understanding of this norm", where 1st of january can be week 52, 53 or 01. Hopefully.
testing (php_uname("s") == "Windows NT") or equivalent can be an option (when switching between Wampserver and a GNU server, for instance).
Please, erase and correct my message if there is any error.
<?php
function week_isonumber ($time) {
// When strftime("%V") fails, some unoptimized workaround
//
// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601 : week 1 is "the week with the year's first Thursday in it (the formal ISO definition)"
$year = strftime("%Y", $time);
$first_day = strftime("%w", mktime(0, 0, 0, 1, 1, $year));
$last_day = strftime("%w", mktime(0, 0, 0, 12, 31, $year));
$number = $isonumber = strftime("%W", $time);
// According to strftime("%W"), 1st of january is in week 1 if and only if it is a monday
if ($first_day == 1)
$isonumber--;
// 1st of january is between monday and thursday; starting (now) at 0 when it should be 1
if ($first_day >= 1 && $first_day <= 4)
$isonumber++;
else if ($number == 0)
$isonumber = week_isonumber(mktime(0, 0, 0, 12, 31, $year - 1));
if ($isonumber == 53 && ($last_day == 1 || $last_day == 2 || $last_day == 3))
$isonumber = 1;
return sprintf("%02d", $isonumber);
}
?>
Why not use utf8_encode to fix problems with letters in ISO-8859-1 and charset set to UTF-8?
For example:
<?php
setlocale(LC_TIME, "de_DE");
echo utf8_encode(strftime('%B')); // Output e.g.: März
?>
If moving from date() to strftime() to support additional languages, you may miss the ordinal suffix format option date('S'). Workaround this by adding an extra modifier (%O).
<?php
function my_strftime ($format, $timestamp)
{
$format = str_replace('%O', date('S', $timestamp), $format);
return strftime($format, $timestamp);
}
?>
Sometimes, you want Jan 1 to be week 1 and weeks to begin on Sunday. Here's a way to use strftime U format character to follow this convention:
<?php
$month = 5; $year = 2012; echo "Week #'s in May 2012: ";
$week_num_correction = strftime('%U', mktime(0,0,0,1,1,$year)) === '00' ? 1 : 0;
$week_numbers = range(strftime('%U', mktime(0,0,0,$month,1,$year)) + $week_num_correction, strftime('%U', mktime(0,0,0,$month+1,0,$year)) + $week_num_correction);
foreach($week_numbers as $week_number) echo "$week_number ";
?>
displays: Week #'s in May 2012: 18 19 20 21 22
This is that worked with UTF-8 encoding on Linux server, with right accents:
<?php
setlocale(LC_ALL, 'hu_HU.UTF8');
echo(strftime('%Y. %B %d. %A'));
?>
Output is:
2009. november 02. hétfő
Also, this one can be used, if not utf-8 preferred:
<?php
setlocale(LC_ALL, 'hu_HU.ISO8859-2');
?>
UTF-8 is not supported on windows platforms, so there the iconv workaround must be used:
<?php
setlocale(LC_ALL, 'hun_hun');
echo(iconv('ISO-8859-2', 'UTF-8',strftime('%Y. %B %d. %A')));
?>
The output is the same as before. Note that, the iconv first parameter is ISO-8859-2 not ISO-8859-1, because the locale is hungarian which uses 8859-2 codepage as default. It is needed for the right accents.
If you want use the same code for Windows and Linux platforms, the second one is the right option (the iconv trick), but the locale configuration must be different (Linux: hu_HU, windows: hun_hun), but in that case the UTF8 tag is not needed for the Linux config.
Displaying hours in 12 hour clock...
%I = Cross-platform, padded with leading zero
%-I = Not on Windows, no padding
%#I = Windows only, no padding
Linux and MacOS confirmed to behave the same.
The example of the workarround for the %e modifier is a bit complex. Sometime you might want to prefer a simple ltrim():
<?php
ltrim(strftime('%d', $time), '0');
?>
Here's a simple version for date formating i use between displaying in HTML and converting back to MYSQL format:
<?php
function format_date($original='', $format="%m/%d/%Y") {
$format = ($format=='date' ? "%m-%d-%Y" : $format);
$format = ($format=='datetime' ? "%m-%d-%Y %H:%M:%S" : $format);
$format = ($format=='mysql-date' ? "%Y-%m-%d" : $format);
$format = ($format=='mysql-datetime' ? "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S" : $format);
return (!empty($original) ? strftime($format, strtotime($original)) : "" );
}
?>
example (in HTML or webapp):
[grab from database]...
$dbase_stored_date = "2007-03-15";
$display_html_date = format_date($dbase_stored_date);
... displays as "03/15/2007"
example (saving form via on POST/GET):
$update_date = format_date($_POST['display_html_date'], 'mysql-date');
// converts back to '2007-03-15'
.... [your mysql update here]
Don't forget to sanitize your POST/GET's =)
This is what worked in my case:
<?php
setlocale(LC_ALL, 'es_ES').': ';
echo iconv('ISO-8859-1', 'UTF-8', strftime('%A %d de %B de %Y', time()));
?>
it displays: miércoles 22 de octubre de 2008
<?php
// Date string
$timestamp = strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Y");
// From this string ($timestamp) can we print
echo strftime("%a %d %b %H:%M:%S %Y", strtotime($timestamp))."<br/>";
echo strftime("%a %d %b %H:%M", strtotime($timestamp))."<br/>";
echo strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", strtotime($timestamp))."<br/>";
echo strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M", strtotime($timestamp))."<br/>";
echo strftime("%Y-%m-%d", strtotime($timestamp))."<br/>";
echo strftime("%a %d %b %Y", strtotime($timestamp))."<br/>";
/*And it will output
Wed 20 May 15:53:40 2009
Wed 20 May 15:53
2009-05-20 15:53:40
2009-05-20 15:53
2009-05-20
Wed 20 May 2009
*/
?>
To get a RFC 850 date (used in HTTP) of the current time:
gmstrftime ("%A %d-%b-%y %T %Z", time ());
This will get for example:
Friday 25-Jun-04 03:30:23 GMT
Please note that times in HTTP-headers _must_ be GMT, so use gmstrftime() instead of strftime().
strftime() will get local time using timezone setting from date_default_timezone_set, then send format and converted tm structure to strftime() system call.
So it will output time stamp string ("%s" format string) with timezone converted tm structure, and it will be wrong unless you set the same time zone with your machine.
strftime not format microsecond (decimal part of seconds).
This function add '%f' key in format to render microsecond (6 digits) also.
<?php
/**
* @param string $format strftime format
* @param float $microtime time with microsecond
* @return string
*/
function strftimeu($format, $microtime)
{
if (preg_match('/^[0-9]*\\.([0-9]+)$/', $microtime, $reg)) {
$decimal = substr(str_pad($reg[1], 6, "0"), 0, 6);
} else {
$decimal = "000000";
}
$format = preg_replace('/(%f)/', $decimal, $format);
return strftime($format, $microtime);
}
?>
Example :
<?php
$now=microtime(true);
printf("REF:%s\n",$now );
printf("FMT:%s\n", strftimeu('%H:%M:%S.%f', $now));
?>
Results are :
REF:1393937303.6615
FMT:13:48:23.661500
FMT:13h 48min 23s 661500µs
Note : Here the decimal part of microtime is on 4 digits due to default precision
Here is a function to convert dates before 1970, very useful if you are still using php 4 (it is supported in php5) :
<?php
# convert a date to special format
# $date is like 2000-01-01 00:00:00
# $format : refer to strftime function
function convert_date($date,$format) {
if($date=='0000-00-00 00:00:00' OR $date=='0000-00-00' OR $date=='' OR $date==NULL) {
return '';
}
else {
$year=substr($date,0,4);
if(phpversion() < 5.0 AND $year < 1970) {
$new_date=substr_replace($date,'1980',0,4); # we replace the year by a year after 1970
$new_format=eregi_replace('%a|%A|%u','',$format); # we remove days information from the format because they would be wrong
$new_date=strftime($new_format,strtotime($new_date)); # we convert the date
$new_date=eregi_replace('1980',$year,$new_date); # we put back the real year
return $new_date;
}
else {
return strftime($format,strtotime($date));
}
}
}
?>
(in addition to Andy's post)
To get a RFC 2822 date (used in RSS) of the current local time :
echo strftime ("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z") ;
Note: option %z / %Z - work different on Windows platform, for example
output of this code line can be:
Thu, 02 Nov 2006 09:54:59 Jerusalem Standard Time (on Windows)
Thu, 02 Nov 2006 09:54:59 +0200 (on Linux)
[red. It is much smarter to use date(DATE_RSS); here]
Under windows if you are using Japanese version, you must use the following code:
setlocale(LC_ALL, "Japanese_Japan.20932") for EUC
setlocale(LC_ALL, "Japanese_Japan.932") for SJIS
I found the following page that helped me with this issue:
http://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=8329
On the Linux server I'm using, strftime() also accepts a "-" option to request no padding:
<?php
$ts = strtotime("4 Nov 2009");
echo strlen(strftime("%-e", $ts)), "\n"; // "1" (no padding)
echo strlen(strftime("%e", $ts)), "\n"; // "2" (space padded)
?>
// To set french date format
public function date_chaine($date){
if($date==NULL){ $date = date('Y-m-d');}
setlocale(LC_ALL, 'fr_FR').': ';
return strftime( "%A %d %B %Y" , strtotime($date));
}
/*
return this Mercredi 16 septembre 2020
*/
For Windows : this function return the ISO 8601 week number of timestamp.
function week_number_ISO8601($ts_date=0) {
//See https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601#Num.C3.A9ro_de_semaine
if ($ts_date==0) $ts_date=time();
$n_w_th_ts_date=strftime('%w',$ts_date);
$ts_thursday=($n_w_th_ts_date==0)?($ts_date-3*24*3600):($ts_date-($n_w_th_ts_date-4)*24*3600);
$n_ts_thursday=strftime('%j',$ts_thursday);
$w_n_iso=1+(int)(($n_ts_thursday-1)/7);
return sprintf("%02d",$w_n_iso);
}
%p and %P replaced to '' in ru and other locales so 20:10 in %I:%M %p will be 08:10 in russian (without pm)
This is so simple it has to be found in one of all the comments on all those different time functions. But since I didn't find it, here it is: Use this to convert between different time formats:
<?PHP
if (!function_exists('convertTime')) {
/** Converts time strings from one format into another using
* PHP formats.
*
* @param String $dformat Format to convert to
* @param String $sformat Format to convert from, e.g. format
* of $ts
* @param String $ts Time string to be converted
* @return String Supplied time translated to the format specified
* in $dformat
*/
function convertTime($dformat,$sformat,$ts) {
extract(strptime($ts,$sformat));
return strftime($dformat,mktime(
intval($tm_hour),
intval($tm_min),
intval($tm_sec),
intval($tm_mon)+1,
intval($tm_mday),
intval($tm_year)+1900
));
}
}
/*
* And for the test....
*/
echo convertTime('%Y-%m-%d','%d.%m.%Y','27.11.2009');
?>
This should print "2009-27-11".
I did not put much effort in this code. The task also seems "too simple to be neccessary". But as I said, I didn't find anything to help me with this.
Cheers,
Michael Z
For windows user:
If you unsuccessfully change date/time format to your locale country using xx_XX format, try using XXX format or ISO-639 country codes format.
See complete list for ISO-639 here: http://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/IG/ert/iso639.htm
For example:
<?php
setlocale(LC_ALL, 'IND');
echo strftime("Today in Indonesia is %A");
?>
A small function to get the first weekday of the month.
For example the first monday of the month, or the first friday, etc.
<?php
/**
*
* Gets the first weekday of that month and year
*
* @param int The day of the week (0 = sunday, 1 = monday ... , 6 = saturday)
* @param int The month (if false use the current month)
* @param int The year (if false use the current year)
*
* @return int The timestamp of the first day of that month
*
**/
function get_first_day($day_number=1, $month=false, $year=false)
{
$month = ($month === false) ? strftime("%m"): $month;
$year = ($year === false) ? strftime("%Y"): $year;
$first_day = 1 + ((7+$day_number - strftime("%w", mktime(0,0,0,$month, 1, $year)))%7);
return mktime(0,0,0,$month, $first_day, $year);
}
// this will output the first wednesday of january 2007 (wed 03-01-2007)
echo strftime("%a %d-%m-%Y", get_first_day(3, 1, 2007));
?>
note, that for some languages you MUST set LC_ALL instead of LC_TIME.
note that you further have to explicitly define your output-encoding (default is ISO-8859-1 [which makes problems for some languages])!
at least i expirienced this behaviour on a german WinXP-PHP4 environment:
<?php
// does not work - gives question marks:
setlocale(LC_TIME, 'RUS'); // ISO Alpha-3 is supported by xp
echo strftime('%A', time());
?>
<?php
// DOES work:
header('Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8'); // you could also use another charset here if iconv isn't installed on your system.
echo setlocale(LC_ALL, 'RUS').': ';
echo iconv('windows-1251', 'UTF-8', strftime('%A', time()))."\n";
?>
The following function implements the conversion specifiers which are not supported on Win32 platforms:
(Note: the specifiers %V, %G and %g can be implemented using other functions described in this section)
<?php
function strftime_win32($format, $ts = null) {
if (!$ts) $ts = time();
$mapping = array(
'%C' => sprintf("%02d", date("Y", $ts) / 100),
'%D' => '%m/%d/%y',
'%e' => sprintf("%' 2d", date("j", $ts)),
'%h' => '%b',
'%n' => "\n",
'%r' => date("h:i:s", $ts) . " %p",
'%R' => date("H:i", $ts),
'%t' => "\t",
'%T' => '%H:%M:%S',
'%u' => ($w = date("w", $ts)) ? $w : 7
);
$format = str_replace(
array_keys($mapping),
array_values($mapping),
$format
);
return strftime($format, $ts);
}
?>
more fixed Problems while uing strftime in win32-systems.
function strftime_win32($format, $ts = null) {
if (!$ts) $ts = time();
$mapping = array(
'%C' => sprintf("%02d", date("Y", $ts) / 100),
'%D' => '%m/%d/%y',
'%e' => sprintf("%' 2d", date("j", $ts)),
'%h' => '%b',
'%n' => "\n",
'%r' => date("h:i:s", $ts) . " %p",
'%R' => date("H:i", $ts),
'%t' => "\t",
'%T' => '%H:%M:%S',
'%u' => ($w = date("w", $ts)) ? $w : 7
);
$format = str_replace(
array_keys($mapping),
array_values($mapping),
$format
);
if($format=='%V' or $format=='%G' or $format=='%g'){
// When strftime("%V") fails, some unoptimized workaround
//
// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601 : week 1 is "the week with the year's first Thursday in it (the formal ISO definition)"
$year = strftime("%Y", $ts);
$isoyear=$year;
$first_day = strftime("%w", mktime(0, 0, 0, 1, 1, $year));
$last_day = strftime("%w", mktime(0, 0, 0, 12, 31, $year));
$number = $isonumber = strftime("%W", $ts);
// According to strftime("%W"), 1st of january is in week 1 if and only if it is a monday
if ($first_day == 1) {
$isonumber--;
}
// 1st of january is between monday and thursday; starting (now) at 0 when it should be 1
if ($first_day >= 1 && $first_day <= 4){
$isonumber++;
$isoyear=$year;
}elseif ($number == 0){
$isonumber = mktime(0, 0, 0, 12, 31, $year - 1);
$isoyear=$year;
}
if ($isonumber == 53 && ($last_day == 1 || $last_day == 2 || $last_day == 3)){
$isonumber = 1;
$isoyear=$year+1;
}
if ($format=='%V') {
return sprintf("%02d", $isonumber);
}elseif ($format=='%G'){
return sprintf("%04d", $isoyear);
}elseif ($format=='%g'){
return substr(sprintf("%04d", $isoyear),-2);
}
}else{
return strftime($format, $ts);
}
}
Linux locales have alt_mon values for months and php's strftime() has an undocumented format string %OB to get these values.
<?php
setlocale(LC_ALL, "lt_LT.UTF8");
for ($i = 1; $i <= 12; $i++) {
echo strftime("%B", strtotime("2018-$i-01"))." ";
}
//outputs: sausio vasario kovo balandžio gegužės birželio liepos rugpjūčio rugsėjo spalio lapkričio gruodžio
echo "\n";
for ($i = 1; $i <= 12; $i++) {
echo strftime("%OB", strtotime("2018-$i-01"))." ";
}
//outputs: sausis vasaris kovas balandis gegužė birželis liepa rugpjūtis rugsėjis spalis lapkritis gruodis
?>
Displaying days of month...
%d = Cross-platform, padded with leading zero
%e = Not on Windows, padded with leading space
%-d = Not on Windows, no padding
%#d = Windows only, no padding
Linux and MacOS confirmed to behave the same.
If you get wrong characters / encoding, use .utf8 notion after your locale, like this: setlocale(LC_TIME, 'sk_SK.utf8');
/*
Date localized. (date + lo) = datelo
@param $str = date string format
@param optional $locale = desired locale, depends on presence in system. Defaults to en_US
@param optional $time = If needs a specific time, and not current.
@returns localized translation.
usage example: datelo( 'd-M-Y', 'pt_BR') internally changes to '%e-%b-%G' and returns "4-Dez-2016" (Dezembro is Portuguese word)
NOTE: Flags prohibited in this version: "z" and "n", will cause to return the 'date' function version, with no translation!
*/
function datelo( $str, $locale='en_US', $time=null){
if( $time === null){ $time = time(); }
if ( preg_match("/[DlFM]/", $str) && ! preg_match("/[nz]/", $str)){
setlocale(LC_ALL, $locale);
$dict = array();
$dict['d'] = '%d';
$dict['D'] = '%a';
$dict['j'] = '%e';
$dict['l'] = '%A';
$dict['N'] = '%u';
$dict['w'] = '%w';
$dict['F'] = '%B';
$dict['m'] = '%m';
$dict['M'] = '%b';
$dict['Y'] = '%G';
$dict['g'] = '%l';
$dict['G'] = '%k';
$dict['h'] = '%I';
$dict['H'] = '%H';
$dict['i'] = '%M';
$dict['s'] = '%S';
$dict['S'] = ' '; //removes English sufixes th rd etc.
$dict[' '] = ' ';
$dict['-'] = '-';
$dict['/'] = '/';
$dict[':'] = ':';
$dict[','] = ',';
$chars = preg_split("//", $str);
$nstr = '';
foreach ($chars as $c){
if ($c){ //skip empties
$nstr .= $dict[$c];
}
}
return strftime( $nstr);
}else{ // not localized
return date( $str, $time);
}
}
I had a need to subtrackt an older time from current time to get the time between.
Example: If one has worked from 2009-03-16 11:33:54 to 2009-03-16 12:01:54 then he has worked X hours,minutes and seconds. I tried to find that X. And so - one solution would be:
<?php
$start_date = strtotime("2009-03-16 11:33:54"); //start date from database - date("Y-m-d H:i:s") made as UNIX timestamp
$end_date = strtotime("2009-03-16 12:01:54"); //end date from database - date("Y-m-d H:i:s") made as UNIX timestamp
$ajavahe = $end_date - $start_date;
$time_between = gmstrftime('%Hh %Mm %Ss', $ajavahe); //gmstrftime() deals with different timezones correctly. (If in example you would be situated in Estonia and you would use strftime() you get wrong answer off by 2 hrs, because timezone is GMT+2 - with gmstrftime() comes right answer.)
echo 'You have worked: '.$time_between;
?>
Hope that this one makes someones life easier :D
for Arabic
<?php
setlocale(LC_ALL,'ar');
echo strftime('%A %d %B %Y');
?>
This function outputs incorrect timezone.
PHP 7.1.14 (cli) (built: Feb 2 2018 08:42:59) ( NTS )
We have changed timezone several times in Russia, Novosibirsk:
$ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Novosibirsk | tail -n10
/usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Novosibirsk Sat Oct 30 19:59:59 2010 UTC = Sun Oct 31 02:59:59 2010 +07 isdst=1
/usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Novosibirsk Sat Oct 30 20:00:00 2010 UTC = Sun Oct 31 02:00:00 2010 +06 isdst=0
/usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Novosibirsk Sat Mar 26 19:59:59 2011 UTC = Sun Mar 27 01:59:59 2011 +06 isdst=0
/usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Novosibirsk Sat Mar 26 20:00:00 2011 UTC = Sun Mar 27 03:00:00 2011 +07 isdst=0
/usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Novosibirsk Sat Oct 25 18:59:59 2014 UTC = Sun Oct 26 01:59:59 2014 +07 isdst=0
/usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Novosibirsk Sat Oct 25 19:00:00 2014 UTC = Sun Oct 26 01:00:00 2014 +06 isdst=0
/usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Novosibirsk Sat Jul 23 19:59:59 2016 UTC = Sun Jul 24 01:59:59 2016 +06 isdst=0
/usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Novosibirsk Sat Jul 23 20:00:00 2016 UTC = Sun Jul 24 03:00:00 2016 +07 isdst=0
/usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Novosibirsk Mon Jan 18 03:14:07 2038 UTC = Mon Jan 18 10:14:07 2038 +07 isdst=0
Incorrect:
php > echo strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %z', strtotime("2015-11-15"));
2015-11-15 00:00:00 +0700
Correct:
php > echo date('Y-m-d H:i:s O', strtotime("2015-11-15"));
2015-11-15 00:00:00 +0600