array_replace_recursive

(PHP 5 >= 5.3.0, PHP 7, PHP 8)

array_replace_recursiveErsetzt rekursiv Elemente des ersten Arrays durch Elemente der übergebenen Arrays

Beschreibung

array_replace_recursive(array $array, array ...$replacements): array

array_replace_recursive() ersetzt die Werte von array durch die gleichen Werte aus allen folgenden Arrays. Wenn ein Schlüssel aus dem ersten Array im zweiten Array vorhanden ist, wird sein Wert durch den Wert aus dem zweiten Array ersetzt. Wenn der Schlüssel im zweiten Array vorhanden ist, aber nicht im ersten, wird er im ersten Array erstellt. Wenn ein Schlüssel nur im ersten Array vorhanden ist, wird er unverändert belassen. Wenn mehrere Arrays zum Ersetzen übergeben werden, werden sie der Reihe nach verarbeitet, wobei das spätere Array die vorherigen Werte überschreibt.

Die Funktion array_replace_recursive() ist rekursiv: sie rekursiert in Arrays und wendet den gleichen Prozess auf den inneren Wert an.

Wenn der Wert im ersten Array ein Skalar ist, wird er durch den Wert im zweiten Array ersetzt, egal ob es sich um einen Skalar oder ein Array handelt. Wenn sowohl der Wert im ersten Array als auch der Wert im zweiten Array ein Array ist, ersetzt array_replace_recursive() den jeweiligen Wert rekursiv.

Parameter-Liste

array

Das Array, dessen Elemente ersetzt werden.

replacements

Arrays, aus denen Elemente ausgelesen werden sollen.

Rückgabewerte

Gibt ein Array zurück.

Beispiele

Beispiel #1 array_replace_recursive()-Beispiel

<?php
$base
= array('citrus' => array( "orange") , 'berries' => array("blackberry", "raspberry"), );
$replacements = array('citrus' => array('pineapple'), 'berries' => array('blueberry'));

$basket = array_replace_recursive($base, $replacements);
print_r($basket);

$basket = array_replace($base, $replacements);
print_r($basket);
?>

Das oben gezeigte Beispiel erzeugt folgende Ausgabe:

Array
(
    [citrus] => Array
        (
            [0] => pineapple
        )

    [berries] => Array
        (
            [0] => blueberry
            [1] => raspberry
        )

)
Array
(
    [citrus] => Array
        (
            [0] => pineapple
        )

    [berries] => Array
        (
            [0] => blueberry
        )

)

Beispiel #2 array_replace_recursive() und rekursives Verhalten

<?php
$base
= array('citrus' => array("orange") , 'berries' => array("blackberry", "raspberry"), 'others' => 'banana' );
$replacements = array('citrus' => 'pineapple', 'berries' => array('blueberry'), 'others' => array('litchis'));
$replacements2 = array('citrus' => array('pineapple'), 'berries' => array('blueberry'), 'others' => 'litchis');

$basket = array_replace_recursive($base, $replacements, $replacements2);
print_r($basket);

?>

Das oben gezeigte Beispiel erzeugt folgende Ausgabe:

Array
(
    [citrus] => Array
        (
            [0] => pineapple
        )

    [berries] => Array
        (
            [0] => blueberry
            [1] => raspberry
        )

    [others] => litchis
)

Siehe auch

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User Contributed Notes 7 notes

up
7
Pau Prat Torrella
4 years ago
Note that function will NOT replace a sub-tree from you $array1 if its value in $array2 is an empty array.
Even tho the key for this dimension is technically 'set'.

(I suppose it treats it as just another recursive level to dive in, finding no key to compare, backtracking while leaving this sub-tree alone)

For example:

$array1  = ['first' => ['second' => 'hello']];
$array2  = ['first' => []];             
$result = array_replace_recursive($array1, $array2);

$result is still: ['first' => ['second' => 'hello']].
up
12
Gregor at der-meyer dot de
14 years ago
Nice that this function finally found its was to the PHP core! If you want to use it also with older PHP versions before 5.3.0, you can define it this way:

<?php
if (!function_exists('array_replace_recursive'))
{
  function
array_replace_recursive($array, $array1)
  {
    function
recurse($array, $array1)
    {
      foreach (
$array1 as $key => $value)
      {
       
// create new key in $array, if it is empty or not an array
       
if (!isset($array[$key]) || (isset($array[$key]) && !is_array($array[$key])))
        {
         
$array[$key] = array();
        }
 
       
// overwrite the value in the base array
       
if (is_array($value))
        {
         
$value = recurse($array[$key], $value);
        }
       
$array[$key] = $value;
      }
      return
$array;
    }
 
   
// handle the arguments, merge one by one
   
$args = func_get_args();
   
$array = $args[0];
    if (!
is_array($array))
    {
      return
$array;
    }
    for (
$i = 1; $i < count($args); $i++)
    {
      if (
is_array($args[$i]))
      {
       
$array = recurse($array, $args[$i]);
      }
    }
    return
$array;
  }
}
?>

I called this function array_merge_recursive_overwrite() in my older projects, but array_replace_recursive() sounds quite better while they do the same.

If you implemented such a compatible function before and don't want to refactor all your code, you can update it with the following snippet to use the native (and hopefully faster) implementation of PHP 5.3.0, if available. Just start your function with these lines:

<?php
 
// as of PHP 5.3.0 array_replace_recursive() does the work for us
 
if (function_exists('array_replace_recursive'))
  {
    return
call_user_func_array('array_replace_recursive', func_get_args());
  }
?>
up
0
David Spector
3 years ago
It seemed to me that the first argument is passed by reference, so it will contain the results of this operation, but experiment shows that this is not true. The array value from the first argument is modified by each succeeding argument, and the result is returned to the caller. The array passed as the first argument is not modified.
up
0
Uther
5 years ago
Note that the use of the word "replace" in the function's description is a bit misleading... as none of the parameters are passed by reference, it does not actually replace anything... this simply describes from which parameter the resulting values come.
up
0
msahagian at dotink dot org
11 years ago
This is a fairly concise version which does not rely on traditional recursion:

<?php
   
function array_replace_recursive($base, $replacements)
    {
        foreach (
array_slice(func_get_args(), 1) as $replacements) {
           
$bref_stack = array(&$base);
           
$head_stack = array($replacements);

            do {
               
end($bref_stack);

               
$bref = &$bref_stack[key($bref_stack)];
               
$head = array_pop($head_stack);

                unset(
$bref_stack[key($bref_stack)]);

                foreach (
array_keys($head) as $key) {
                    if (isset(
$key, $bref) && is_array($bref[$key]) && is_array($head[$key])) {
                       
$bref_stack[] = &$bref[$key];
                       
$head_stack[] = $head[$key];
                    } else {
                       
$bref[$key] = $head[$key];
                    }
                }
            } while(
count($head_stack));
        }

        return
$base;
    }
?>
up
-3
kyle [dot] florence [@t] gmail [dot] com
14 years ago
This might help out people who don't have 5.3 running:

<?php

// Joins two or more arrays together recursively; key/value pairs of the first
// array are replaced with key/value pairs from the subsequent arrays.  Any
// key/value pair not present in the first array is added to the final array
function array_join()
{
   
// Get array arguments
   
$arrays = func_get_args();

   
// Define the original array
   
$original = array_shift($arrays);

   
// Loop through arrays
   
foreach ($arrays as $array)
    {
       
// Loop through array key/value pairs
       
foreach ($array as $key => $value)
        {
           
// Value is an array
           
if (is_array($value))
            {
               
// Traverse the array; replace or add result to original array
               
$original[$key] = array_join($original[$key], $array[$key]);
            }

           
// Value is not an array
           
else
            {
               
// Replace or add current value to original array
               
$original[$key] = $value;
            }
        }
    }

   
// Return the joined array
   
return $original;
}

?>
up
-6
oliver dot coleman at gmail dot com
9 years ago
If you came here looking for a function to recursively find and replace (scalar) values in an array (also recurses through objects):

<?php
define
('RECURSIVE_REPLACE_MARKER', 'recursive_replace_r47yr74yr7623t74r3645236rtvghdcbnsgxbt67g5e21873891');
/**
* Recursively replaces scalar values in objects and arrays. The passed array or object is altered in place.
* @param mixed $data An object or array.
* @param mixed $find The scalar value to find.
* @param mixed $replace The value to replace with (need not be a scalar).
*/
function recursive_replace(&$data, $find, $replace){
  if(
is_array($data)) {
    if (!isset(
$data[RECURSIVE_REPLACE_MARKER])) {
     
$data[RECURSIVE_REPLACE_MARKER] = TRUE;
      foreach(
$data as $key=>$val) {
        if(
is_array($data[$key]) || is_object($data[$key])) {
         
recursive_replace($data[$key], $find, $replace);
        }
        else{
          if(
$data[$key] === $find) {
           
$data[$key] = $replace;
          }
        }
      }
      unset(
$data[RECURSIVE_REPLACE_MARKER]);
    }
  }
  elseif (
is_object($data)) {
    if (!isset(
$data->RECURSIVE_REPLACE_MARKER)) {
     
$data->RECURSIVE_REPLACE_MARKER = TRUE;
      foreach(
$data as $key=>$val) {
        if(
is_array($data->$key) || is_object($data->$key)){
         
recursive_replace($data->$key, $find, $replace);
        }else{
          if(
$data->$key === $find) {
           
$data->$key = $replace;
          }
        }
      }
      unset(
$data->RECURSIVE_REPLACE_MARKER);
    }
  }
}
?>
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